The Australian Milk Biscuit Project


Update - April, 2008

An appeal to the Australian Federal Government:

Mr Bob McMullan MP.,
Parliamentary Secretary for International Assistance,
Parliament House,
Canberra.

15/4/2008

Dear Mr McMullan,

I write as the founder/president of what's probably Australia's smallest AIDS-care agency, The Australian AIDS Fund Incorporated, in regard to the lead story on The Age newspaper today, headlined "World's new crisis: soaring food prices", and which I Ihave included in this email for your further reference.

I would like to draw your attention to the following Letter to the Editor which I have sent to The Age, in response to its report:

Australia is uniquely placed to respond to the world's global malnutrition epidemic (World's new crisis: soaring food prices", The Age, 15/4) simply by repeating what it did in the 1960's with its then critical contribution of the so-called Australian Milk Biscuit.

It's time to turn the clock back, to breathe new life into that initiative. It's history is recalled on our website at www.aids.net.au

For our part, as Australia's smallest AIDS-care agency, we've been endeavouring to revitalise this project because this high protein biscuit could also prove to be a lifesaver for millions of the world's HIV infected mothers, so that their babies can literally "eat more milk", as the original slogan proclaimed. Our recent trials of the biscuit in this regard in Ethiopia proved most encouraging.

We call upon the federal government and Australia's major foreign aid agencies to link up with us to bring back, produce and distribute the Australian Milk Biscuit as the swiftest, surest response to a vital global need.

----------------------

Mr McMullan, I have also copied this to Melbourne University's Professor Roger Short, and Mr Richard Nasra, both key figures in the present Australian Milk Biscuit project and ask for your considered practical assistance for this initiative.

Can you imagine what a godsend this would have been as the time of the devastating tsunami?

With regards,

Brian Haill,
President,
The Australian AIDS Fund Incorporated,
PO Box 1347,
Frankston,Victoria, 3199

Tel: (03) 97709210
Email: bhaill@bigpond.net.au
Website: www.aids.net.au

AGE ARTICLE FOLLOWS: (below)

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World's new crisis: soaring food prices



Lesley Wroughton, Washington, and Jewel Topsfield, Canberra
April 15, 2008

THE World Bank has issued an urgent call to rich nations to help stem rising food prices, warning that social unrest in poor countries is spreading and that 100 million people are at risk of being plunged deeper into poverty.

"We have to put our money where our mouth is now, so that we can put food into hungry mouths. It is as stark as that," said World Bank president Robert Zoellick, as he called for more contributions to the $500 million World Food Program.

The plea, issued after a meeting of aid officials in Washington, follows a dramatic surge in world prices for staple foods — rice, for example, has shot up by 75% in just two months — and resulting food-related riots in Haiti, Indonesia, the Philippines and Cameroon in the past week.

World leaders were quick to respond to Mr Zoellick's plea, with Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd among those pledging to put world food security on their political agendas.

Mr Rudd said his world tour, from which he returned at the weekend, had changed his vision for Australia's global agenda. "One of the things that I discussed with various world leaders was (that) we have an unfolding food crisis around the world," Mr Rudd told ABC.

"We had 10 major sets of food riots across the world. So if you want something which should be close to our global agenda, therefore our national agenda, (it is) how do we contribute to better food security around the world."

But a pledge by British Prime Minister Gordon Brown to raise the issue at the next G8 summit of world leaders failed to impress Mr Zoellick. "Frankly speaking, that G8 meeting is in June and we cannot wait," he said, after the meeting involving the IMF and the World Bank's Development Committee. "We estimate that a doubling of food prices over the last three years could potentially push 100 million people in low-income countries deeper into poverty."

Anger over food prices led to last week's riots in Haiti, in which at least five people were killed and the country's prime minister was ousted.

Developing countries claim that rich countries, in their rush to tackle global warming, are helping to drive up food prices by encouraging the use of crops to produce biofuels rather than to feed people. Most of the rise in global corn production from 2004 to 2007 went to biofuels in the United States.

According to the 2008 World Development Report, more than 240 kilograms of corn — enough to feed one person for a year — is required to produce 100 litres of ethanol, enough to fill the tank of a sports utility vehicle.

Other contributing factors to rising food prices are the high price of oil (which increases costs of food production and distribution), population growth in Asia and drought in wheat-producing countries including Australia and Kazakhstan.

The price of wheat has jumped 120% in a year, resulting in the price of bread doubling in many poor countries.

The World Bank has warned that food prices will remain elevated this year and next year and will probably stay above 2004 levels until 2015. "We estimate that the effect of this food crisis on poverty reduction worldwide is in the order of seven lost years," Mr Zoellick said.

He said that almost half of $500 million that the World Food Program recently requested in additional pledges for food aid had been committed, but the May 1 deadline for raising the money would not be met.

The parliamentary secretary for international development assistance, Bob McMullan, said yesterday Australia was one of the largest donors through the World Food Program, giving $61.7 million last year.

"We have responded positively when the World Food Program asked us to do a little more in Afghanistan and Zimbabwe and we will look sympathetically at this most recent approach," Mr McMullan told ABC.

National Farmers Federation chief executive Ben Fargher said that despite the impact of the drought over the past five years, Australia was well positioned to respond to the world food crisis. "If countries overseas are looking for food security, one of the best things they could do is reduce barriers to the export of our produce to them," he said.

He said Australia also needed to have the world's best research and development policies to get more crop per drop, and improved rail and road infrastructure to ensure produce can reach overseas markets as efficiently as possible.

World food security will be discussed at a session on Australia's future security and prosperity at this weekend's 2020 Summit. Panel member Alan Dupont, director of the Centre for International Security Studies at the University of Sydney, said a key role for Australia could be to raise global awareness about the links between climate change and the food crisis.

He said Australia could also help developing nations affected by food shortages with technological solutions — such as the greater productivity of hybrid grains — and it could lead the way in the creation of strategic stockpiles of food.

With REUTERS


Update - June, 2006

Arnott's Cookies of Milk Sweeten Lives of Ethiopian Children


Update - February, 2006

1...Clinical Report - Executive Summary

2...Presentation to Victorian dairy farmers


Update - July, 2005

With the Ethiopian trials scheduled to have begun in April, the initial pilot trial has suffered some minor setbacks concerning logistics and delivery of the cargo to the trial site in Addis Ababa.

Since Ethiopia is a landlocked country in the horn of Africa, all sea freight must enter through one of its neighbouring country ports, namely Djibouti. Usually this is of no major concern as the logistics companies often have offices in countries where cargo is expected to arrive. However, in our case, since the logistics company does not have an office in Djibouti, nor do they undertake much shipping to Djibouti, we have had to organise a suitable agent to accept arrival of the consignment, arrange all import and customs clearances, and forward the consignment onto Addis by road. The biscuit cargo is currently en-route to Djibouti and delivery is expected by early August 2005.




Ali Suleiman, Richard Nasra's 8 month nephew munches on an Australian Milk Biscuit.

To add to this, recent elections in Ethiopia have caused some security concerns for both the cargo and personnel, and have further delayed pilot trial commencement. Currently, the situation seems to be improving dramatically as political and civil tensions appear to be calming down and dissipating. We are confident that the situation will become safe once again so that we may resume the pilot trials as anticipated.

As these delays have affected project timelines, we are very grateful to the Gardiner Foundation for agreeing to extend project funding for a further 6 mths to enable us to oversee to completion of the Ethiopian leg of milk biscuit trials and hopefully commence the initial phases of the Durban trials.


Update May, 2005

Richard Nasra has met with Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs & Trade, Mr Bruce Billson MP, at his office in Frankston, Victoria, to discuss the possibility of re-establishing the former government reserve aid stockpile of Australian Milk Biscuit's - set up by former Foreign Affairs Minister, Andrew Peacock.

The discussion also looked at ways AUSAid could assist with the project future in terms of funding and other support for the Durban trials, and for the possible use of these high protein Milk Biscuits in emergency and more long-term remedial responses, such as the recent tragedy of the Indian Ocean tsunami.


Update 16/03/05

As the world begins to prepare for World Breastfeeding Week in August, this years' theme is ' Feeding Other Foods While Breastfeeding Is Continued.' The statement is calling for awareness, advocacy, and promotion of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding post-partum, followed by continued breastfeeding and gradual introduction of 'Family Foods' until 2 years or beyond.

The importance of 'complete' nutrition even after the transition from exclusive breastfeeding to partial breastfeeding at 6 months post-partum is critical to the normal growth and development of a healthy child. But, in areas where resources are limited, infection and disease are rampant, and food insecurity is of major concern; nutrient-dense foods offer the most favourable alternative supplement to 'Family Foods,' especially for the prevention of vertical HIV transmission via breastmilk. In such instances, breastfeeding exclusively for the first 6 months post-partum is the preferred feeding method in resource-limited environments, followed by abrupt cessation and weaning onto other foods to limit the possibility of infection. The milk biscuit is ideally suited to this purpose, and is an excellent nutritional supplement.

(L to R) Alex Buchanan - Originally developed milk biscuits - Professor Roger Short
(L to R) Alex Buchanan - Originally developed milk biscuits - Professor Roger Short

We have now obtained our first samples of the Milk Biscuits. Round in shape with a hole in the centre (doughnut-like), the biscuits weigh about 9g each; and 5 biscuits can provide 9g of quality milk protein, 194kcal of energy, and a high proportion of the daily vitamin and mineral requirements for any young child.

The Milk Biscuit tastes much like an arrowroot or rice-cookie with a shortbread-like consistency. It is brittle, can be offered whole or easily crumbled to make feeding easier for young children; and can even be used as a teething rusk.

Currently, 2 tons of the biscuits are due to be baked during the final week of March 2005, and will be shipped to our two African research sites, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and Durban (South Africa). The Ethiopian trial will be held in collaboration with the Hope For Children Orphanage in Addis. This will primarily be a Nutritional and Acceptability Trial. The Durban trial, will be conducted in collaboration with Professor Hoosen Coovadia and HIVAN (HIV-AIDS Network of the University of Natal, Durban) will provide us with results regarding the use of the Milk Biscuits as a weaning food for young children after cessation of 6 months exclusive breastfeeding post-partum, and their potential to prevent mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) during this crucial transition period. Both trials are expected to be completed by the end of June 2005.

(L to R) Roy Hoult - Former CEO, Arnott's-Brockoff - Richard Nasra - Professor Roger Short
(L to R) Roy Hoult - Former CEO, Arnott's-Brockhoff - Professor Roger Short - Richard Nasra
(L to R) Graham Mitchell - Chairman of Gardiner Foundation and Steering Committee - Richard Nasra - Professor Roger Short
(L to R) Graham Mitchell - Chairman of Gardiner Foundation and Steering Committee - Richard Nasra - Professor Roger Short

In undertaking the above-described pilot trials of the Milk Biscuits, we hope to establish their potential for use as both a nutritional supplement and weaning food for young children.

We also hope to demonstrate that they can offer relatively affordable, safe and effective solutions to infant malnutrition and HIV prevention, whilst supporting exclusive breastfeeding in resource-poor communities.



The Australian milk biscuit has already played a key role in dramatically turning around malnutrition.

The following photos were filmed at a refugee camp on the Cambodian/Thailand border in 1979/80.

Photo 1 - December 1979

A child suffering typical protein calorie malnutrition

Click here to enlarge the image

Photo 2 - The same child in February, 1980

 

Click here to enlarge the image


 

Melbourne - November, 2004
Melbourne scientist, Richard Nasra, has been appointed project leader/ researcher to oversee the completion of all aspects of the so-called Australian Milk Biscuit project.

This involves the trialling of an Australian milk biscuit used in famine relief to alleviate not only malnutrition, but also to reduce the incidence of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV/ AIDS if used as a supplementary weaning food. Two trials are about to get underway in Africa, one in Durban, South Africa to assess the use of the milk biscuit against the ready-to-use food nutrient dense spread and an acceptability trial in Ethiopia in conjunction with the Hope for children Foundation. The final aims being the uptake of the milk biscuits for distribution by aid groups and non-government organisations.

It's hoped that by making milk biscuits available for use as both a nutritional supplement and a weaning food, women will understand the importance of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life, especially in the context of MTCT of HIV,so as to curb the incidence of postnatal infection via this route.

CLICK Here to view detailed Fact Sheet

 

 

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